Катю́ша (в советской литературе часто встречается и написание со строчной буквы[1]) — появившееся во время Великой Отечественной войны 1941—1945 годов неофициальное название бесствольных систем полевой реактивной артиллерии (в первую очередь и первоначально — БМ-13, а впоследствии также БМ-8, БМ-31[2] и других)[3][4]. Такие установки активно использовались Вооружёнными Силами СССР во время Второй мировой войны. Популярность прозвища оказалась столь большой, что «Катюшами» в разговорной речи стали нередко именовать и послевоенные РСЗО на автомобильных шасси, в частности БМ-14 и БМ-21 «Град». Впоследствии, по аналогии с «Катюшей», ряд аналогичных прозвищ («Андрюша», «Ванюша») был дан советскими бойцами и другим установкам (БМ-31 и др.) реактивной артиллерии, но эти прозвища не получили столь широких распространения и популярности и в целом известны значительно меньше.
Katyusha multiple rocket launchers (Russian: Катю́ша; IPA: [kɐˈtʲuʂə] (
listen)) are a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area more quickly than conventional artillery, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to artillery guns, but are inexpensive, easy to produce, and usable on any chassis. Katyushas of World War II, the first self-propelled artillery mass-produced by the Soviet Union,[1] were usually mounted on ordinary trucks. This mobility gave the Katyusha (and other self-propelled artillery) another advantage: being able to deliver a large blow all at once, and then move before being located and attacked with counter-battery fire.
listen)) are a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area more quickly than conventional artillery, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to artillery guns, but are inexpensive, easy to produce, and usable on any chassis. Katyushas of World War II, the first self-propelled artillery mass-produced by the Soviet Union,[1] were usually mounted on ordinary trucks. This mobility gave the Katyusha (and other self-propelled artillery) another advantage: being able to deliver a large blow all at once, and then move before being located and attacked with counter-battery fire.
Katyusha weapons of World War II included the BM-13 launcher, light BM-8, and heavy BM-31. Today, the nickname is also applied to newer truck-mounted Soviet (and not only Soviet) multiple rocket launchers—notably the common BM-21—and derivatives.
Katyushan haytnagorcvel e 1941-1945 tvakanerin katyushan haytnagorcvel e CCCR-i koxmic ayn kirarvel e arajin angam erkrord hamashxarayin paterazmi jamanak Germanacineri dem .
ayd zenq@ irenic nerkayacnum e meqena vori vra texatrvac en hranotner voronc mi harvacov karox en xocel yev tank yev cankacac vayr ayn skzbic kochvel e BM13 heto cevapoxveluc heto BM14-BM21 minchev nas stacav BM14 anun@ yev BM21.
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